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LED technology for Lighting Plants
Pospíšil, Tomáš ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Krbal, Michal (advisor)
The aim of the work is to describe the physiology of plants and their needs to the successful evolution and growth. Furthermore to introduce a characteristic light requirement of plants and summarize differences between light requirements of the human eye and plants. More there are shortly mentioned the light quantities and units and by means of these quantities and their units there is assessed the appropriateness of lighting for plants. Another aim is to describe the electric and lighting-technical LED parameters that are suitable for use as a lamp designed for illumination of plants, outline the basic requirements that should the lamp designed for illuminating the plants fulfill. The last part is devoted to the presentation and evaluation of the measurement results of the lamp, which was already developed and used on prototype light source using LED.
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The effect of temperature on plant growth: teaching protocols of model experiments
Máhrlová, Zuzana ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Mourek, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the creation of model tasks (by means of an experiment) for the study of biology at secondary schools and concerns the effects of temperature on plant growth. The selected tasks utilize the new didactic approach by means of the so called inquiry based education. This method of teaching contributes to the development of individual deduction reasoning and encourages the students to actively think about the subject matter. The thesis provides the necessary theoretical background for the topic together with the description of methods and material needed for the conducting the experiments. Furthermore, the thesis describes the necessary instructions and procedures to conduct the experiment and its use in the secondary school teaching practice and presents the requisite methodical guidelines and worksheets for them. Simultaneously, the thesis verifies the didactic applicability of the experiment and the worked out materials through a questionnaire survey and monitored application of the model tasks at secondary schools. The main result of this diploma thesis is a modern, functional and verified method of teaching for high school about the effects of temperature on plant growth in accordance with modern approaches to education, which include own experiments, their...
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Physiology of Plants in Elementary School Botany
Sochorová, Markéta ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Hrouda, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis on the topic "Physiology of Plants in Elementary School Botany" consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on a didactical analysis of the textbooks currently in use and integration of this topic in the valid curricular documentation. It also includes a research part, in which the possibilities of material visual aids used in science teaching are identified. The practical part makes use of these observations. A interactive CD, which includes worksheets on the main areas of plant physiology, has been created based on these observations. The worksheets are in educational text form, include gap-filling activities, and practical - with appropriate experiments. To these, methodology notes for teacher are supplied. The complete version is on the attached CD. Keywords: plant physiology, textbook didactical analysis, worksheet, experiment suggestions, video-material
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Evolutionary and theoretical aspects of the biological work of Bohumil Němec
Loginov, Ivan ; Hermann, Tomáš (advisor) ; Žárský, Viktor (referee)
Plant physiologist Bohumil Němec is one of the most important people in the history of Czech science. In this thesis, crucial concepts and theories that B. Němec developed in his scientific and popularizing publications are described and put in context. In addition, materials from the personal fond of B. Němec located in the Archive of the CAS were used. Particular questions tackled in this thesis are those of stimuli transmission in plants, the starch-statolith theory of gravitropism, morphaesthesia, organogenes, Němec's approach to evolutionary theory, and genetics, and the division of organisms in two groups. Moreover, Němec's role in the contemporary debates about vitalism, mechanism, and the effect of these two philosophies on the approach towards scientific research is indicated. By that, Němec's transition from the mechanism to the so-called physiology of stimuli (Rheizphysiologie) is illustrated. The outcome of the thesis is broadening the knowledge in the history of plant physiology, especially the history of the natural sciences in the Czech context.
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Differences in photosynthesis and plant water status between coppice and high forest
Matoušková, Marie
This diploma thesis focuses on comparison of photosynthesis and tree water status between high forest and coppice of Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. Four different types of management were investigated during vegetation season 2016: high forest, coppice on clear-felled site, coppice with standards and seedlings. Methods of leaf gas exchange and water potential measurements allowed to study transpiration, photosynthesis and its response to light and CO2 concentration and leaf water potential. All these physiological parameters were studied as linked to weather conditions and various levels of drought stress. When the soil water was not limiting factor trees in all variants of experiment behaved similarly. However, during mild to severe drought stress the coppice was superior to seedlings and to high forest. It showed higher photosynthesis rate (2.49 umol m-2 s-1) than seedlings (0.86 umol m-2 s-1), both under moderate water stress. Coppice also had higher stomatal conductance and quantum yield of fluorescence than high forest which allowed to higher photosynthetic rates. The lowest value of predawn water potential was in high forest (-3.27 MPa) whereas highest in coppice (-2.01 MPa) which indicated better water availability and lower evapotranspiration demands imposed on coppice sprouts due to their lower height and therefore lower overall aerodynamic conductance. Response of net photosynthesis to CO2 concentration revealed higher carboxylation rates in high forest than in coppice but low stomatal conductance was a reason for overall lower photosynthetic rates in high forest than in coppice. Due to its superiority under water stress coppice forest may be a viable option for forest management on dry sites during the climate change.
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Scientific and Institutional Activities of Bohumil Němec at Charles University
Loginov, Ivan ; Hermann, Tomáš (advisor) ; Žárský, Viktor (referee)
Bohumil Němec ranks among the most remarkable figures of Czech science. At the beginning of the 20th century he made a significant contribution to the explanation of plant gravitropism and to the establishment of the Institute for plant physiology at the Faculty of Science at Charles University. Besides that he also studied plant regeneration, fertilization and nuclear division. In my thesis I processed scientific and popular scientific articles by Němec and used secondary sources to analyze his overall activity at the university in historical context. Thesis output is structured overview of Bohumil Němec's activities which can be used for the follow-up research.
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The effect of temperature on plant growth: teaching protocols of model experiments
Máhrlová, Zuzana ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Mourek, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the creation of model tasks (by means of an experiment) for the study of biology at secondary schools and concerns the effects of temperature on plant growth. The selected tasks utilize the new didactic approach by means of the so called inquiry based education. This method of teaching contributes to the development of individual deduction reasoning and encourages the students to actively think about the subject matter. The thesis provides the necessary theoretical background for the topic together with the description of methods and material needed for the conducting the experiments. Furthermore, the thesis describes the necessary instructions and procedures to conduct the experiment and its use in the secondary school teaching practice and presents the requisite methodical guidelines and worksheets for them. Simultaneously, the thesis verifies the didactic applicability of the experiment and the worked out materials through a questionnaire survey and monitored application of the model tasks at secondary schools. The main result of this diploma thesis is a modern, functional and verified method of teaching for high school about the effects of temperature on plant growth in accordance with modern approaches to education, which include own experiments, their...
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